Key Issues

In this chapter, we address five questions:

In this chapter, we address the following questions:

  1. How do randomized laboratory experiments establish internal validity?

  2. How can single-n studies establish internal validity?

  3. What factors may threaten a single-n experiment's internal, external, and construct validity?

  4. What are Campbell and Stanley's 8 threats to internal validity?

  5. How do quasi-experimental designs deal with the 8 threats to internal validity?