RDE: Quiz Over First Part of Chapter 3

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1. Research begins with the selection of an appropriate research design.
2. A hypothesis is a testable prediction about the relationship between two or more variables.
3. You can conduct sound research without having a clear research question.
4. Testing common sense notions rarely leads to useful research questions.
5. Common sense notions are a good source of research questions.
6. You decide to base a research project on a newspaper editorial that claims that high school students are lazier than previous generations. You want to find out why. Before you tackle the questions of why, you should first establish whether the claim is correct.
7. You decide to base a research project on a newspaper editorial that claims that older adults are more conservative than younger adults. You want to find out why. Your first step is to develop a solid rationale for why older adults might be more conservative.
8. There is little point in trying to replicate previous research because it will contribute nothing new to our knowledge.
9. It is a good idea for a beginning researcher to base his or her research on previous research.
10. A major reason you should not waste your time trying replicate a study with counterintuitive findings is because commonsense is usually wrong.
11. If you conduct a study that is based on a suggestion made in a journal article you will be guilty of plagiarism.
12. If you explore whether a previous study´s findings will be found in another population you may extend the external validity of the original study´s findings.
13. If you replicate a study, but come up with a better way of ruling out extraneous variable, you will improve the internal validity of the study.
14. A study tries to manipulate frustration by varying how long participants are kept waiting in a reception area. The dependent variable is blood-pressure level. In a follow-up study, the researchers decide to have participants rate how frustrated they feel after their wait. The replication is trying to improve construct validity.
15. One study finds that participants who drink coffee are more likely to wake up in the middle of the night. Another study fails to find any difference in sleep patterns between those who drink coffee and those who do not. When comparing the participants in each study, it is discovered that one study included several people who smoked. There other study excluded people who smoked. You should suspect that the moderator variable is caffeine.
16. Survey research typically tests cause-effect hypotheses.
17. Field experiments are used to test cause-effect hypothesis.
18. A study aimed at discovering whether teenagers are more likely to lie than 60-year-olds would test an experimental hypothesis.
19. An experiment designed to test if people are more likely to lie when they have consumed alcohol would use a cause-effect hypothesis.
20. Cause-effect hypotheses are always better than descriptive hypotheses.



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